|
|conventional_long_name = Weihaiwei |common_name = Weihaiwei |continent = Asia |region = China |status=Leased territory |empire=Britain |status_text=Leased territory of Great Britain |year_start = 1898 |year_end = 1930 |date_start = 1 July |date_end = 30 September |event_start = Convention for the Lease of Weihaiwei |event_end= Convention for the Rendition of Weihaiwei |p1 = Qing Dynasty |flag_p1 = China Qing Dynasty Flag 1889.svg |s1 = Republic of China (1912–1949) |flag_s1 = Flag of the Republic of China.svg |image_flag = Flag of British Weihaiwei.png |image_coat = |symbol = |flag_type = Flag |image_map = Kwantung territory China 1921.jpg |image_map_caption = Location of the Weihaiwei leased territory in 1921 (in blue) |image_map2 = |image_map2_caption = |capital = Port Edward |common_languages = * English (official) * Mandarin Chinese |title_leader = |leader1 = |title_deputy = |deputy1 = |era = New Imperialism |currency = Chinese yuan Hong Kong dollar }} Weihaiwei, in the north-east of China, was a leased territory of the United Kingdom from 1898 until 1930. The capital was Port Edward. The leased territory covered 〔pp.462-463 Hutchings, Graham ''Modern China: A Guide to a Century of Change'' Harvard University Press, 1 Sep 2003〕 and included the walled city of Port Edward, bay of Wei-hai-wei, Liu-kung Tao Island and a mainland area of of coastline running to a depth of inland. Together with Lüshunkou (Port Arthur) it controlled the entrance to the Gulf of Zhili and thus the seaward approaches to Beijing〔, p. 417-418.〕 ==Background to the British Lease== The port of Weihaiwei was the base for the Beiyang Fleet (Northern Seas Fleet) during the Qing Dynasty. In 1895, the Japanese captured it in the Battle of Weihaiwei, the last major battle of the First Sino-Japanese War. The Japanese withdrew in 1898. After the Russian Empire leased Port Arthur from China for 25 years in March 1898, the United Kingdom pressured the Chinese government into leasing Weihaiwei, with the terms of the treaty stating that it would remain in force for as long as the Russians were allowed to occupy Port Arthur. The port was primarily used as a summer anchorage for the Royal Navy’s China Station and it was also used as a health resort. It served as a port of call for ships of the Royal Navy in the Far East (well behind Hong Kong in the south). Certain aspects of the administration not directly pertaining to military matters were left under Chinese control, and the port itself remained a free port until 1923. At the start of the Russo-Japanese War, the commander of China Station was ordered to withdraw his ships from Weihaiwei to avoid the possibility that Britain would be drawn into the war. However, fearing that Weihaiwei would be used as a safe haven by the Imperial Russian Navy, the Japanese government pressured the British to return their fleet. The port was of importance as a telegraph and radio transmission station for war correspondents covering the conflict, and was also a source of contraband shipping by blockade runners bringing supplies into Port Arthur.〔 In 1905, after Japanese victory in the Russo-Japanese War, Japan took over Port Arthur. The British lease was extended to last for as long as the Japanese occupied Port Arthur. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Weihaiwei under British rule」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|